Course Content
Theme 01: Introduction to Commercial Organisations
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Theme 02: Ownership Structures – Sole Proprietorship and Joint Hindi Family Business
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Theme 03: Ownership Structures – Partnership
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Theme 04: Ownership Structures – Joint Stock Company
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Theme 05: Ownership Structures – Cooperative Society
Theme 06: Public Sector Enterprises
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Theme 07: Functioning of a Commercial Organisation
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Theme 08: Communication in a Commercial Organisation
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Theme 09: Ways of Communication
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Theme 10: Tools of Communication
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Theme 11: Nature and Technology of Accounting
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Theme 12: Accounting Records
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Theme 13: Natural Resources
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Theme 14: Depletion of Resources
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Theme 15: Practices for Conservation of Resources.
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Theme 16: Industrial Pollution and Degradation of Environment.
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Commercial Application – 9
About Lesson

Public Sector Enterprises (PSEs) are business organizations that are owned and operated by the government. They play a significant role in the economy by providing goods and services, generating employment, and contributing to economic development. PSEs are established to meet the social and economic objectives of the government, such as promoting equitable distribution of wealth, providing essential services, and fostering industrial development in strategic sectors.

Some key points about Public Sector Enterprises include:

1. **Objectives**: PSEs are established to achieve specific objectives set by the government, such as providing essential goods and services, promoting economic development, and ensuring social welfare.

2. **Ownership and Control**: PSEs are owned and controlled by the government, either at the central or state level. The government appoints the board of directors and has significant influence over the management and operations of PSEs.

3. **Types**: PSEs can be classified into various types based on their ownership, such as central government PSEs, state government PSEs, and public sector undertakings (PSUs).

4. **Management**: PSEs are managed by a board of directors appointed by the government. The board is responsible for setting policies, making strategic decisions, and overseeing the operations of the enterprise.

5. **Performance**: The performance of PSEs is evaluated based on various parameters, such as financial performance, efficiency, and contribution to the economy. The government monitors and reviews the performance of PSEs regularly.

6. **Challenges**: PSEs face various challenges, such as bureaucratic interference, lack of autonomy, outdated technology, and stiff competition from private sector enterprises. Efforts are made to reform and modernize PSEs to improve their efficiency and competitiveness.

Overall, Public Sector Enterprises play a crucial role in the economy by providing goods and services, generating employment, and contributing to economic development. Efforts are continuously made to enhance their efficiency and effectiveness to meet the changing needs of the economy and society.