Here’s a summary of the topic “Programme and Achievements of Early Nationalists – Part 1” from Class 9 ICSE History:

The early nationalists in India, during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, had a significant impact on the country’s struggle for independence. They had various programs and achievements that laid the foundation for the later freedom movement.

1. Formation of Associations: Early nationalists formed associations like the Indian National Congress (INC) in 1885, which became a platform for political expression and reform.

2. Moderate Phase: Early nationalists followed a moderate approach, focusing on social and economic reforms, and seeking constitutional methods to achieve their goals.

3. Demands and Resolutions: They demanded administrative reforms, greater participation of Indians in government, and protection of civil rights. They also passed resolutions on issues like education, agriculture, and civil liberties.

4. Spread of Nationalist Ideas: Early nationalists spread nationalist ideas through newspapers, pamphlets, and public speeches, creating awareness and mobilizing public opinion.

5. Achievements: Their achievements include the establishment of the Indian National Congress, which provided a platform for political expression and unity among Indians. They also laid the groundwork for future nationalist movements by advocating for reforms and raising awareness about Indian issues.

Overall, the early nationalists played a crucial role in shaping India’s independence movement by laying the foundation for future struggles and inspiring generations of Indians to fight for their rights and freedom.